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Flat Rate or Effective Rate? How to Compare a Malaysian Loan Properly

Table of Contents
  1. Quick answer
  2. The advertised percentage is only one line on the quote
  3. Read the quote as a cash-flow document
  4. A low rate can still be the wrong comparison
  5. Ask for the ringgit version
  6. Questions about comparing loan rates
  7. Sources and verification notes

Quick answer

BNM says financial service providers can no longer use flat-rate and/or Rule of 78 methods for calculating interest or profit for personal financing under the revised policy. When comparing a quote, look past the advertised rate and follow the amount still owed, the payment schedule and total cost.

Start by checking the calculation method named in the disclosure, the amount of principal or financing still outstanding, total interest or profit and every fee, then compare the result with your own cash flow and the current official wording.

The advertised percentage is only one line on the quote

BNM says financial service providers can no longer use flat-rate and/or Rule of 78 methods for calculating interest or profit for personal financing under the revised policy. When comparing a quote, look past the advertised rate and follow the amount still owed, the payment schedule and total cost.

Two percentages can look close while describing different calculation bases. Put the amount financed, period, fees and settlement treatment beside the schedule in ringgit before deciding that one quote is cheaper.

Read the quote as a cash-flow document

Ask for these items in the same comparison:

  • the calculation method named in the disclosure
  • the amount of principal or financing still outstanding
  • total interest or profit and every fee
  • the settlement amount if you exit early
CheckWhat it lets you compare
calculation methodwhat the advertised number is actually describing
outstanding principal or financingthe balance that remains to be paid
total interest or profit and feesthe full ringgit cost, not just a rate
early-settlement amountwhat leaving the arrangement would cost at that point

A low rate can still be the wrong comparison

A low-looking percentage can describe a different calculation base from an effective rate. Do not compare two numbers until the period, amount financed, fees and settlement treatment are on the same page.

The decision is not about finding the smallest percentage in isolation. It is about finding out what the borrower will pay, when the balance falls and what happens if the financing ends early.

Ask for the ringgit version

Ask the provider to show the repayment schedule and total cost in ringgit. Keep the product disclosure and write down which rate is promotional, effective or only a headline.

Keep one comparison sheet with:

  • the amount financed and repayment period
  • the monthly schedule, total interest or profit and every fee
  • the early-settlement quote and the date it applies to

If a salesperson gives you only a percentage, ask for the missing schedule. The schedule is where the cost becomes checkable.

Questions about comparing loan rates

Can I compare two loans by putting their advertised percentages side by side?
No. The percentages may use different calculation bases. Compare the amount financed, period, repayment schedule, fees, outstanding balance and early-settlement treatment together.
What does BNM's revised policy say about flat-rate or Rule of 78 methods?
The current master records BNM's position that financial service providers can no longer use flat-rate and/or Rule of 78 methods for calculating interest or profit for personal financing under the revised policy. Check the current BNM wording for the applicable product.
Which document should I request from the provider?
Ask for the product disclosure, repayment schedule, fee table and early-settlement quotation. The documents should let you connect the quoted rate to the ringgit amounts you will pay.
How do I tell whether a rate is promotional or effective?
Read the label in the disclosure and ask the provider to identify the promotional, effective or headline figure. Do not infer the total cost from the label alone.
What is the simplest comparison to make?
Place the amount financed, period, monthly payments, total interest or profit, fees and early-settlement amount in one table. Use the same dates and assumptions for each quote.
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Sources and verification notes

This article was prepared from the official pages below with an initial fact cutoff of 24 August 2026. Rates, limits, eligibility, operating hours and product terms can change; recheck the current source before acting. This is general financial education, not personalised advice.

  1. BNM banking FAQs
  2. BNM responsible-financing discussion

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